Forecast Discussions mentioning "ACARS", "MDCRS", "AIRCRAFT", "TAMDAR", or "AMDAR" received at FSL on 01/06/07


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NWS SAN DIEGO CA
AFDSGX 330 AM PST THU JAN 4 2007

.SYNOPSIS...AN APPROACHING PACIFIC WEATHER SYSTEM WILL BRING VARIABLE CLOUDINESS TODAY WITH A CHANCE OF SHOWERS TONIGHT. LOCALLY WINDY IN THE MOUNTAINS...DESERTS AND COASTAL WATERS WITH THIS SYSTEM. DRY OFFSHORE FLOW WILL DEVELOP FRIDAY FOR CLEARING SKIES AND LOCAL STRONG GUSTY WINDS THROUGH AND BELOW MOUNTAIN CANYONS AND PASSES...SLOWLY DECREASING THROUGH THE WEEKEND. WARMER DAYS THIS WEEKEND. HIGH PRESSURE AND WEAK OFFSHORE FLOW WILL MAINTAIN FAIR WEATHER THROUGH THE MIDDLE OF NEXT WEEK.

&&

.DISCUSSION...FOR EXTREME SOUTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA INCLUDING ORANGE... SAN DIEGO...WESTERN RIVERSIDE AND SOUTHWESTERN SAN BERNARDINO COUNTIES...

.SHORT TERM (TODAY-SATURDAY)...THERE WAS A WEAK EDDY WITH LOW CLOUDS AND FOG IN THE COASTAL AREAS AND LOCALLY INTO THE WRN INLAND VALLEYS THIS MORNING. THERE WERE ALSO PATCHES OF DENSE FOG. CLEAR ELSEWHERE. EARLY MORNING ACARS SOUNDINGS HAD AN INVERSION BASED NEAR 1200 FT WITH STRONG NW WINDS ALOFT. INCREASING ONSHORE GRADIENTS WITH ABOUT 4 MB SAN-IPL.

THE MARINE LAYER WILL CONTINUE TO AFFECT THE COASTAL AREAS AND WRN VALLEYS THIS MORNING WITH LITTLE TIME TO CLEAR BEFORE STARTING TO INCREASE AGAIN THIS AFTERNOON. HIGH CLOUDS WILL ALSO INCREASE TODAY FROM AN UPPER TROUGH OF LOW PRESSURE APPROACHING FROM THE NW. THE TROUGH WILL MOVE THROUGH TONIGHT BRINGING A CHANCE OF SHOWERS. THE TROUGH WILL BE FAIRLY VIGOROUS WITH AN ASSOCIATED COLD FRONT THAT WILL MOVE THROUGH RAPIDLY TONIGHT. MOST OF THE PRECIP WILL BE WITH THE COLD FRONTAL PASSAGE. RAINFALL AMOUNTS SHOULD BE ABOUT ONE TENTH TO ONE QUARTER INCH...WITH LOCALLY HIGHER AMOUNTS ON W FACING MOUNTAIN SLOPES. THE SNOW LEVELS WILL START ABOVE 7000 FT AND WILL RAPIDLY LOWER TO 4000-5000 FT LATE TONIGHT. HOWEVER...MOST OF THE MOISTURE WILL REMAIN BELOW THE SNOW LEVEL SO LOCAL SNOW AMOUNTS SHOULD GENERALLY BE IN THE 1-2 INCH RANGE. GUSTY WINDS WILL ACCOMPANY THIS SYSTEM...MAINLY IN THE MOUNTAINS...DESERTS AND COASTAL WATERS. OFFSHORE FLOW WILL DEVELOP BEHIND THE SYSTEM FOR RAPID DRYING. THERE WILL BE LOCAL STRONG GUSTY WINDS THROUGH AND BELOW MOUNTAIN CANYONS AND PASSES...ESPECIALLY BELOW THE CAJON PASS AND IN THE SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS FRI. WEAKER OFFSHORE FLOW WILL CONTINUE THROUGH SAT. WARMER SAT...ESPECIALLY W OF THE MOUNTAINS.

.LONG TERM (SUNDAY-WEDNESDAY)...HIGH PRESSURE ALOFT AND WEAK OFFSHORE FLOW WILL MAINTAIN FAIR WEATHER WITH WARMER DAYS SUN AND MON. A LITTLE COOLER TUE AND WED AS HEIGHTS DECREASE AND ONSHORE FLOW DEVELOPS. ANOTHER TROUGH COULD BRING A CHANCE OF SHOWERS TOWARD NEXT THU.

&&

.AVIATION... ONSHORE FLOW AND A WEAK COASTAL EDDY IS BRINGING MARINE LAYER STRATUS AND FOG TO THE COASTAL AREAS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. AT 2 AM...THE STRATUS IS FILLING IN OVER THE COASTAL AREAS AND MOVING INLAND WITH BASES MOSTLY AROUND 1000 FEET MSL AND TOPS AROUND 1600 FEET. EXPECT SOME LIFTING OF THE BASES TO AROUND 1500 FEET DURING THE NIGHT WITH TOPS RISING TO AROUND 2000 FEET AS THE MARINE LAYER DEEPENS FURTHER. STRATUS IS EXPECTED TO REACH THE INLAND EMPIRE AREA NEAR KONT BEFORE SUNRISE. THE STRATUS SHOULD BREAK UP DURING THE MID TO LATE MORNING HOURS ON THURSDAY. CLOUDS AHEAD OF AN APPROACHING COLD FRONT SHOULD BEGIN TO SPREAD OVER THE AREA DURING THE AFTERNOON ON THURSDAY. THESE CLOUDS SHOULD BE ABOVE 12000 FEET INITIALLY THEN LOWER TO AROUND 5000 FEET BY LATE AFTERNOON OR EARLY EVENING.

MOUNTAINS AND DESERT AREAS SHOULD REMAIN VFR WITH A MOSTLY CLEAR SKY.

&&

.MARINE... A VIGOROUS COLD FRONT WILL BRING LARGE SWELL AND GALE FORCE WINDS THU EVENING THROUGH FRI. THE COMBINATION OF THESE FEATURES WILL PRODUCE HAZARDOUS SEAS FOR MARINERS...SEE LAXMWSSGX...AND LARGE SURF FOR BEACH VISITORS...SEE LAXCFWSGX. SEAS AND WINDS WILL SLOWLY DECREASE FRI.

&&

.SGX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...

HIGH WIND WATCH FRI...FOR SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY MOUNTAINS...INLAND EMPIRE AND SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS...SEE LAXNPWSGX.

FIRE WEATHER WATCH FRI THROUGH SAT...FOR MOUNTAINS AND VALLEYS...SEE LAXRFWSGX.

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT FOR THE COLD FRONT AND GUSTY WINDS...SEE LAXSPSSGX.

HIGH SURF ADVISORY FROM 4 PM TODAY TO 10 PM PST FRI...FOR ORANGE COUNTY AND SAN DIEGO COUNTY COASTS...SEE LAXCFWSGX.

SMALL CRAFT ADVISORIES FOR THE INNER AND OUTER WATERS TONIGHT AND FRI FOR WINDS AND HAZARDOUS SEAS AND GALE WARNING FOR OUTER WATERS TONIGHT...SEE LAXCWFSGX.

&&

$$

PUBLIC...DVA AVIATION/MARINE...PG


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NWS LOUISVILLE KY
AFDLMK 1039 AM EST THU JAN 4 2007

.MORNING UPDATE...

OVERALL FORECAST IS IN GOOD SHAPE...MODELS ARE NOT HANDLING THE COMPLEX JET PATTERN ACROSS THE MS AND OH VALLEYS VERY WELL AND ARE MISSING THE MAJORITY OF THE PRECIP ACROSS IL INTO SOUTHERN IN AND FAR NORTHERN KY. HAVE ADDED A SMALL CHC POP THERE TO ACCOUNT FOR THE LIGHT RAIN AND SPRINKLES THAT WILL CONTINUE SCATTERED ABOUT THE REGION.

TEMPS ARE PUSHING TOWARDS 50 ALREADY AS OF 10 AM...SLIGHTLY WARMER ACROSS THE EASTERN AND SOUTHEASTERN ZONES WHERE LESS CLOUD COVER HAS ALLOWED FOR GREATER HEATING...LOW 60S WILL BE POSSIBLE ACROSSMUCH OF THE AREA ESPECIALLY THE DALE HOLLOW AND CUMBERLAND LAKE AREA...WITH UPPER 50S TO AROUND 60 POSSIBLE IN THE BLUEGRASS REGION OF EAST CENTRAL KY AND EAST TOWARDS THE LOUISVILLE METRO. MID AND UPPER LEVEL CLOUDS WILL EVENTUALLY OVERTAKE THE ENTIRE REGION BY LATE THIS AFTERNOON IF NOT BY MID AFTERNOON...WITH THE LOWER CU/SC JUST NOW APPROACHING THE REGION FROM THE SOUTHWEST. HAVE MADE SOME TWEAKS TO THE DEWPOINTS UPWARDS SOME AS THE REGION DOWNSTREAM OF US SHOWS UPPER 40S AND LOWER 50S...SHOULD SEE STEADY CLIMB AS THE DAY PROGRESSES. DISCUSSION ABOUT POSSIBLE HEAVY RAIN REMAINS BELOW...VERY LITTLE IN THIS RESPECT HAS CHANGED.

SCHOTT &&

.AVIATION... WANTED TO MENTION A FEW THINGS IN REGARDS TO THE AVIATION INTERESTS...HAVE ADDED LOW LEVEL WIND SHEAR TO THE ENTIRE TAF...CURRENT ACARS SOUNDING INCOMING TO SDF HAVE SHOWN STRENGTHENING WINDS AROUND 1500 FEET TO AROUND OR SLIGHTLY ABOVE 30 KTS...WELL WITHIN THE CRITERIA OF NON-CONVECTIVE LLWS. THIS STRONG LOW LEVEL JET WILL CONTINUE THROUGH THE NIGHT WHILE STRENGTHEN AS PER THE LATEST BUFKIT SOUNDING TO AROUND 35KTS BY 00-01Z. A SMALL AREA OF LOW LEVEL CEILINGS AROUND 1-1.5K FT HAS WORKED INTO THE SOUTHWESTERN AREA NEAR BWG...AND CONTINUES A SLOW CRAWL TO THE NORTH. WILL UPDATE BWG TAF FOR THIS FEATURE.

SCHOTT &&

.PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 247 AM EST THU JAN 4 2007/

SHORT TERM (TODAY AND TONIGHT)...

..HEAVY RAIN TONIGHT...

UPPER LOW TO MOVE FROM THE BIG BEND REGION OF TEXAS THIS MORNING TO THE LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY BY 12Z FRIDAY. MEANWHILE A WEAK SURFACE LOW WILL TRAVEL FROM SOUTHEAST TEXAS TO NEAR LOUISVILLE.

DEEP MOISTURE WILL STREAM NORTHWARD AHEAD OF THIS SYSTEM AND WILL REACH WESTERN PORTIONS OF THE LOUISVILLE CWFA BY 00Z THIS EVENING. DRY LAYER AROUND 850HPA WILL GRADUALLY SATURATE BETWEEN 00Z AND 03Z. THE HEAVIEST STEADIEST RAIN IS EXPECTED TO OCCUR BETWEEN MIDNIGHT AND DAWN.

INSTABILITY PARAMETERS AND LAPSE RATES SUGGEST ANY THUNDER WOULD BE ISOLATED. HOWEVER 60 KNOT LOW LEVEL JET DOES CRANK UP AFTER MIDNIGHT FROM TENNESSEE TO OHIO...WHICH WILL ASSIST IN PULLING MOISTURE INTO THE REGION.

MANY SIGNS POINT TO HEAVY RAIN TONIGHT. K INDEX WILL RISE INTO THE MIDDLE 30S. PRECIPITABLE WATER VALUES WILL PEAK AROUND 1.6 INCHES...WHICH IS ABOUT THREE STANDARD DEVIATIONS ABOVE NORMAL FOR EARLY JANUARY...QUITE IMPRESSIVE. POSITIVE ADVECTION OF RICH THETA-E AIR IS FORECAST AS WELL. LOOKING AT THE CURRENT WATER VAPOR SATELLITE LOOP A HEALTHY TROPICAL MOISTURE PLUME CAN BE EASILY SEEN FROM THE EASTERN PACIFIC OCEAN ACROSS MEXICO INTO THE EASTERN UNITED STATES. GIVEN ALL THIS...RAINFALL AMOUNTS AROUND AN INCH SHOULD BE COMMONPLACE TONIGHT...ESPECIALLY ALONG AND SOUTH OF THE OHIO RIVER.

HIGH TEMPERATURES TODAY SHOULD BE SIMILAR TO YESTERDAY...MAYBE A COUPLE OF DEGREES WARMER DEPENDING ON HOW MUCH MID AND HIGH CLOUDINESS STREAMS IN AND HOW THICK IT IS. WITH CLOUDS...RAIN...AND SOUTHERLY FLOW TONIGHT TEMPERATURES WON/T FALL MORE THAN FIVE TO TEN DEGREES.

13

LONG TERM (FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY)...

FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY NIGHT...

00Z MODELS ARE IN GOOD AGREEMENT TONIGHT WITH MAIN WEATHER SYSTEM THAT WILL BE AFFECTING THE AREA MAINLY ON FRIDAY. NOT TOO MUCH CHANGE TO THE PREVIOUS FORECAST AS MODEL CONTINUITY REMAINS GOOD. SFC LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM FORECAST TO BE PASSING THROUGH THE REGION AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PD WITH CLOUDS AND WIDESPREAD RAINS. HAVE INCREASED POPS FRIDAY MORNING AND MAINTAINED THUNDER IN THE MORNING AS LOW-LEVEL JET AND SOME ELEVATED INSTABILITY WILL BE IN THE AREA. PRECIPITATION WILL LIKELY DIMINISH AND BECOME MORE SCT IN NATURE FRIDAY EVENING. SECONDARY UPPER TROF AND ASSOCIATED SFC FRONT STILL LOOK TO MAKE A PUSH THROUGH REGION ON SATURDAY. HAVE MAINTAINED POPS THROUGH SATURDAY NIGHT. TEMPERATURES WILL BE VERY MILD ON FRIDAY WITH HIGHS IN THE LOW TO MID 60S EARLY IN THE DAY BEFORE SFC SYSTEM MOVES THROUGH THE REGION. TEMPS STILL LOOK TO BE JUST UNDER RECORD HIGHS. SLIGHTLY COOLER TEMPS WILL BE NOTED ON SATURDAY AS UPPER LEVEL TROF SWINGS THROUGH. GENERALLY KEPT TEMPS IN THE LOW TO MID 50S NORTH AND MID 50S IN THE SOUTH.

NEXT WEATHER SYSTEM WILL APPROACH FROM THE SOUTHWEST DURING THE DAY ON SUNDAY. LATEST TRENDS IN THE MODEL SOLUTIONS SHOW A FAIRLY DECENT GRADIENT IN POPS ACROSS THE DISTRICT ON SUNDAY. WITH OUR AREA ON THE NORTHWESTERN FRINGES...ONLY SLIGHT CHC POPS WILL BE NOTED ACROSS SOUTHERN INDIANA WITH BEST CHANCES OF PRECIP MAINLY ACROSS OUR SOUTHEASTERN COUNTIES...MAINLY SE OF A LINE FROM LEX TO BWG. FOR THIS FORECAST...WE HAVE INCREASED POP CHANCES ACROSS THIS REGION UP TO 50 PERCENT FOR SUNDAY AFTERNOON. PRECIPITATION SHOULD QUICKLY DIMINISH SUNDAY NIGHT AS SYSTEM PULLS OFF TO THE EAST. SKIES SHOULD BEGIN TO CLEAR OUT WITH PARTLY SUNNY SKIES FOR MONDAY. WITH THE NEXT UPPER TROF PUSHING IN AND 850 TEMPS FALLING TO AROUND -6 TO -8...TEMPS ON MONDAY WILL BE SEASONAL.

TUESDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY...

NO CHANGES MADE THROUGH THIS PERIOD OF THE FORECAST. LATEST 00Z RUNS TONIGHT CONTINUE TO ADVERTISE A DRY PERIOD FOR TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY AS SOUTHEASTERN RIDGE HOLDS STRONG. AREA OF SURFACE HIGH PRESSURE WILL DRIFT ACROSS THE REGION ON TUESDAY AND WILL BE ANCHORED OFF THE EASTERN U.S. COAST BY WEDNESDAY NIGHT. SOUTHERLY FLOW WILL RETURN TO THE OHIO VALLEY ON WEDNESDAY WITH A SLIGHT MODERATION IN TEMPERATURES.

PREVIOUS DISCUSSION ON THE LONGER TERM FORECAST CONTINUES TO LOOK GOOD. EXTENDED RANGE MODELS CONTINUE TO SHOW BERING STRAIT CUT OFF LOW OPENING UP AND BEING REPLACED BY DECENT UPPER LEVEL RIDGE. RESULTING DOWNSTREAM TROF IS FORECAST TO DEVELOP ACROSS THE WESTERN CONUS AND HELP SET UP POSSIBLE CROSS POLAR FLOW ALLOWING A RETURN OF ARCTIC AIR ACROSS CANADA. WHILE COLD AIR WILL LIKELY INVADE THE WESTERN HALF OF THE COUNTRY...MAIN FEATURE KEEPING IT OUT OF THE EAST WILL BE THE STUBBORN SE RIDGE. THOUGH WITH THE OP GFS TENDING TO BE TOO DEEP WITH THE WESTERN TROF...DOWNSTREAM SE RIDGE IS PROBABLY A BIT OVERDONE. STILL QUITE A BIT OF MODEL UNCERTAINTY AT THIS TIME RANGE...BUT THE ARRIVAL OF A MODIFIED POLAR AIRMASS MAY AFFECT THE OHIO VALLEY AFTER MID-MONTH.

-MJ

&&

.LMK WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... KY...NONE. IN...NONE. &&

$$


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NWS GAYLORD MI
AFDAPX 1002 PM EST FRI JAN 5 2007

.UPDATE...AREA RADARS SHOW NARROW WELL-DEFINED FRONTOGENETICALLY DRIVEN PRECIPITATION BAND ACROSS CENTRAL WI/EASTERN IA MAKING STEADY PROGRESS EAST. COLD FRONT REPRESENTING LEADING EDGE OF BAROCLINIC ZONE HAS MOVED INTO LAKE HURON...FRONTAL SURFACE AT 850MB MOVING INTO LOWER MI AT MID EVENING. PRECIPITATION BAND LINES UP WITH STRONGEST FRONTOGENETIC RESPONSE IN THE 700-500MB LAYER (WHERE BETTER MOISTURE HAPPENS TO BE AS WELL)...AND IN LFQ OF 150KT JET STREAK PUNCHING ACROSS KS/NORTHERN MO/SOUTHERN IA. SOME MID LEVEL RADAR RETURNS HAVE BEEN DEVELOPING ACROSS NORTHERN LAKE MICHIGAN... 00Z APX SOUNDING STILL PRETTY DRY BELOW 500MB (5-10C DEW POINT DEPRESSIONS IN GENERAL)...GRB SOUNDING UPSTREAM SHOWING HIGHER RH DOWN TO 700MB...RECENT AIRCRAFT SOUNDING OUT OF ATW SATURATED DOWN TO AROUND 725MB WITH A WEDGE OF DRY AIR BELOW. SO AS MAIN PRECIP BAND APPROACHES WILL TAKE A LITTLE TIME TO SATURATE LOWER LAYERS TO ALLOW PRECIP TO REACH THE GROUND. NORTHERN EDGE OF PRECIP BAND SHOULD BEGIN TO PUSH INTO FAR NORTHWEST LOWER AROUND MIDNIGHT OR SO...AND GRADUALLY WORK ITS WAY EAST ACROSS THE FORECAST AREA AS THE NIGHT WEARS ON...LIKELY NOT REACHING AREAS AROUND SAGINAW BAY UNTIL AFTER 09Z. AS FOR PRECIP TYPE...APX SOUNDING FREEZING LEVEL AROUND 7K FEET...WET BULB FREEZING LEVEL CLOSER TO 3K FEET. SURFACE TEMPERATURES STILL IN THE UPPER 30S/AROUND 40 FOR THE MOST PART... SO WILL PROBABLY START OFF AS RAIN EXCEPT PERHAPS AROUND THE STRAITS AREA. COLDER AIR WILL CONTINUE TO FILTER IN AS THE NIGHT WEARS ON AND 850MB FRONT MOVES THROUGH THE FORECAST AREA...SO MAY START TO SEE A MIX ACROSS NORTHWEST LOWER OR AN OUTRIGHT CHANGE TO SNOW ACROSS THE INTERIOR HIGHER TERRAIN LATE...SAY AFTER 08-09Z OR SO.

JPB

&&

.PREV DISCUSSION...336 PM EST FRI JAN 5.

500 MB WIND SPEED MAX MOVING THROUGH LAKE SUPERIOR AND A SECOND ONE MOVING UP FROM KANSAS. THERE IS SOME WEAK COUPLING WITH A BAND OF F-GEN PRECIPITATION IN NW IOWA TO CENTRAL WISCONSIN. THERE IS A DRY SLOT THAT OVER LAKE MICHIGAN, HOWEVER, CLOUDS ARE FORMING ALONG THE SHORELINE AND KEEPING THE FORECAST AREA CLOUDY.

MODELS HAVE FEW DIFFERENCES OVER THE FORECAST AREA THROUGH THE 84 HOURS OF THE MAIN FORECAST PACKAGE.

TONIGHT...CLOUD COVER THAT HAS CONTINUED TO DEVELOP OFF OF LAKE MICHIGAN WILL CONTINUE AS THE F-GEN AREA MOVES INTO THE REGION. OUT OF THE NAM AND GFS, THE GFS ACTUALLY HAS HAD THIS FGEN BAND IN ITS QPF. OTHERWISE, THE MODELS CONTINUE TO SHOW THE SAME BASIC PATTERN. SO FOR TONIGHT, THE PRECIPITATION MOVES INTO THE FORECAST REGION. THE PRECIPITATION WON`T BE HEAVY, BUT IT LOOKS LIKELY OVER MOST OF THE FORECAST AREA THAT THERE WILL BE MEASURABLE PRECIPITATION. THE MODEL SOUNDINGS WOULD SUGGEST THAT IN THE HIGHER ELEVATIONS INLAND, WILL START OFF MIXED. OVERNIGHT, THE 850 TEMPERATURES BEGIN TO FALL BELOW ZERO C AND THE MODEL SOUNDINGS ARE MORE CONDUCIVE FOR SNOW IN THE HIGHLANDS WHILE MOST AREAS, ESPECIALLY ALONG THE SHORELINES WILL CONTINUE TO SEE RAIN.

SATURDAY...BY 12Z, THE SOUNDINGS LOOK COLD ENOUGH FOR SNOW, FOR LARGER PORTIONS OF THE FORECAST AREA, HOWEVER, THE SOUNDINGS BEGIN TO DRY OUT, WHICH IS EXPECTED TO CUT THE SNOW DOWN TO FLURRIES OVER MOST OF THE REGION, AT THE LEAST. LOOKING AT THE 850-700 MB LAYER RH, BOTH MODELS SUGGEST THAT THERE WILL BE 40% OR LESS AND THE 1000-850 MB FLOW TURNS MORE ANTICYCLONIC. SO WON`T BE SURPRISED IF NOTHING HAPPENS DURING THE AFTERNOON.

LUTZ

LONGER TERM...SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH THURSDAY...BRIEF SHOT OF COLDER AIR (-8C AT H8) FOR POSSIBLE LIGHT LAKE EFFECT SNOW SHOWERS/FLURRIES EARLY SATURDAY NIGHT. HOWEVER...ANY CHANCE FOR THIS WILL EXIT OVERNIGHT AS AIR MASS MODIFIES/WARMS AHEAD OF NEXT SHORTWAVE TROUGH...WHICH SHARPENS OUT THE LONGWAVE TROUGH...WHICH IN TURN... AMPLIFIES AND CARVE ITSELF INTO THE EASTERN HALF OF THE COUNTRY. THIS FEATURE WILL ESSENTIALLY BE THE IMPETUS FOR OUR FIST LOOK AT LAKE EFFECT SNOW SHOWERS FOR 2007. THIS SHORTWAVE WILL PROVIDE A CHANCE FOR SNOW...POSSIBLY MIXED WITH A TOUCH OF RAIN ALONG THE SHORE OF LAKE MICHIGAN...LATE SUNDAY AFTERNOON AND INTO SUNDAY NIGHT. COLD AIR THEN BEGINS TO POUR INTO NRN MICHIGAN. AIR THAT WOULD BE CLOSER TO NORMAL FOR US...AND ALTHOUGH THERE MAY BE SOME MOISTURE QUESTIONS THAT NEED TO BE ADDRESSED...THE CHANCE FOR LAKE EFFECT SNOW SHOWERS ARRIVES. MOISTURE AVAILABILITY REMAINS A CONCERN THROUGH MONDAY... BUT AS ADDITIONAL SHORTWAVE ENERGY DRIVES DOWN THE NW FLOW ALOFT TUESDAY AND TUESDAY NIGHT...DEEPER MOISTURE...NICE CYCLONIC FLOW AND EVEN COLDER H8 AIR (-16C NOW) ARRIVES. THIS WILL RESULT IN OUR BEST SHOT OF LAKE EFFECT SNOW...WITH ACCUMULATION...PROVIDING THE PATTERN HOLDS. TROUGHING DIGS INTO THE WEST COAST AGAIN BY LATE NEXT WORK WEEK AND WARMING RETURNS TO NRN MICHIGAN...THE DEGREE OF WHICH REMAINS UNCERTAIN. IT WILL BE VERY HARD TO MODIFY THE COLD AIR THAT WE DO GET...BACK TO THE KIND OF TEMPERATURES WE HAVE BEEN SEEING OVER THE LAST SEVERAL DAYS HOWEVER.

SATURDAY NIGHT...AM KEEPING THINGS PRECIPITATION FREE ACROSS THE REGION...AS THE AIR MASS IN ONLY MOIST IN A SHALLOW 1500-2KFT LAYER...AND H8 TEMPS ARE MARGINAL AT BEST. IF SOME MENTION OF LIGHT LAKE EFFECT IS NEEDED EVENTUALLY...THESE SITUATIONS ARE BEST PLAYED AS THE TIME COMES...AS ANYTHING THAT DEVELOPS WILL BE INSIGNIFICANT. 925MB TEMPS DO LOOK COOL ENOUGH FOR SOME LOW CLOUDS THAT WILL SHIFT FROM WESTERLY FLOW REGIMES TO SW...AS WINDS BACK IN ADVANCE OF AFOREMENTIONED NEXT SHORTWAVE TROUGH.

SUNDAY AND SUNDAY NIGHT...EXPECT A SLOWING OF THIS SHORTWAVE TROUGH...SINCE THE PATTERN WILL BE AMPLIFYING. MODELS SEEM TO BE SLOWING ALREADY...WITH A SFC LOW ONLY MAKING IT TO SW ONTARIO...JUST NORTH OF WESTERN LAKE SUPERIOR...BY 00Z. BAND OF DEEPER H8-H5 MOISTURE...DIVERGENCE IN LEFT EXIT REGION OF 140KT UPPER JET...AND BEST MID/UPPER LEVEL -DIVQ ARRIVES LATE IN THE AFTERNOON...BUT REALLY SPREADS ACROSS NRN MICHIGAN SUNDAY NIGHT. WILL KEEP CHANCE OF SNOW SHOWERS IN THE FORECAST FOR SURE. COULD BE SOME P-TYPE ISSUES EVENTUALLY WITH THIS SYSTEM...AS DEGREE OF AMPLIFICATION IN THE UPPER AIR PATTERN WOULD POSSIBLY SUGGEST THAT THE MODELS MIGHT NOT BE ALLOWING ENOUGH WARM AIR TO GET INTO THE AREA. AS IT STANDS NOW...MODEL DEPICTIONS OF THE THERMAL PROFILES OUT THIS FAR SUGGEST SNOW WITH A LITTLE HELP FROM EVAPORATIVE COOLING TO LOWER 2KFT SFC BASED WARM LAYER TO THE WET BULB. THESE SORT OF DETAILS WILL HAVE TO BE WORKED OUT IN LATER FORECASTS WHEN THERE WILL BE MORE CONFIDENCE IN SPECIFIC MODEL DATA. THE OVERALL TREND FOR THE LATE NIGHT HOURS LEADING INTO MONDAY MORNING HOWEVER...SUGGEST THAT WE WILL SEE THE COLDER AND COLDER AIR CONTINUING TO SPILL INTO THE REGION. MAYBE SOME LAKE EFFECT SNOWS DEVELOP BY DAYBREAK ALREADY?

MONDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY...MAIN WEATHER STORY WILL RESIDE IN THIS TIME FRAME...AS H8 TEMPS TUMBLE INTO THE -12C RANGE MONDAY AND MONDAY NIGHT...AND THEN TO -16C BY TUESDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY. AS STATED ABOVE...MOISTURE QUESTIONS ARISE MONDAY AND MONDAY NIGHT... BUT LIGHT LAKE EFFECT SNOW SHOWERS LOOK LIKE A GOOD BET. I DO NOT LIKE THINKING THAT OUR BEST LOOK AT LAKE EFFECT COMES IN SOME OF THE LATEST TIME PERIODS OF THE FORECAST...WITH FEATURES THAT COULD CHANGE IN THE NEXT MODEL RUN. HOWEVER...THIS IS THE CASE. OVERALL PATTERN OF EVEN COLDER H8 AIR AND SHARPER LONGWAVE TROUGHING OVER THE GREAT LAKES REGION DOES PROVIDE MORE CONFIDENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORE ROBUST LAKE EFFECT SNOWS THOUGH. NOT READY TO SAY THESE ARE LIKELY YET...BUT I DO LIKE THE TRENDS. THE COLD AIR WANTS TO STAY AROUND LONGER NOW TOO...INTO WEDNESDAY MORNING NOW UNTIL THE THERMAL TROUGH SHIFTS EAST.

WEDNESDAY NIGHT AND THURSDAY...AIR MASS MODIFIES/WARMS AS TROUGH WEST COAST AND RIDGING EAST COAST REDEVELOPS. THIS IS THE PATTERN SEEN OVER THE LAST SEVERAL WEEKS...AND CANNOT ARGUE IT. MODELS DO WANT TO BRING A COLD FRONT THROUGH HERE THURSDAY. DON`T KNOW IF THE UPPER AIR PATTERN REALLY SUGGESTS THIS...BUT EITHER UNCERTAINTIES AND NEIGHBORING OFFICE COORDINATION WILL RESULT IN LEAVING A CHANCE FOR SNOW...POSSIBLY RAIN WEDNESDAY NIGHT INTO THURSDAY. SMD

&&

.APX...WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES....NONE.

&&

$$


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NWS MARQUETTE MI
AFDMQT 445 AM EST THU JAN 4 2007

.DISCUSSION... MAIN FCST CONCERNS ARE PCPN CHANCES/TYPE TODAY/TONIGHT AND AGAIN FRI NIGHT INTO SAT.

WV IMAGERY AND RUC ANALYSIS INDICATED A MAINLY ZONAL NRN STREAM FLOW ACROSS THE NRN CONUS AND SRN CANADA WITH SEVERAL EMBEDDED WEAK SHRTWVS. ONE UPSTREAM WAS MOVING ENE THROUGH NE MN WHILE OTHER STRONGER SHRTWVS TRAILED OVER THE WRN DAKOTAS...NRN NEB AND WRN MT. WEAK 700-300 QVECTOR CONV AND UPPER LEVEL DIV WITH RIGHT ENTRANCE OF ONE JET STREAK SUPPORTED SOME VIRGA/SPRINKLES FROM NE MN TO LK SUPERIOR WHILE THE DAKOTAS SHRTWV HAS ALSO BROUGHT SOME LGT PCPN INTO CNTRL AND ERN ND. AT THE SFC...SW FLOW CONTINUED ACROSS THE WRN GREAT LAKES BTWN A 982 MB LOW WAS LOCATED N OF LK WINNIPEG AND HIGH PRES OVER THE SE CONUS. A WEAK TROF ALSO EXTENDED THROUGH THE THROUGH THE CNTRL DAKOTAS. TEMPERATURES REMAINED IN THE UPPER 30S TO LOWER 40S OVERNIGHT...AOA RECORD VALUES IN MANY LOCATIONS.

TODAY AND TONIGHT...THE COMBINATION OF THE UPSTREAM SHRTWVS AND UPPER LEVEL DIV WITH RIGHT ENTRANCE OF A 300 MB JET LIFTING INTO NRN ONTARIO WILL HELP SUPPORT PCPN CHANCES OVER MAINLY W LK SUPERIOR AND THE NW HLF OF UPR MI. IN ADDITION...QVECTOR CONV WILL ALSO INCREASE AS A HGT FALLS MOVE TOWARD THE AREA ON THE SRN END OF THE MANITOBA MID LVL LOW. HOWEVER...00Z RAOBS AND UPSTREAM KINL/CYQT TAMDAR SNDGS CONTINUED TO INDICATE SUBSTANTIAL DRY LYR BTWN 900-700 MB. 00Z NAM/GFS FCST 800-600 MB FGEN FORCING ALSO WAS NOT AS IMPRESSIVE OR PERSISTENT AS PREVIOUS RUNS WITH THE BEST FORCING MAINLY NW OF THE CWA. SO...THE FCST INCLUDES ONLY LOWER END CHANCE POPS. EVEN THOUGH THE GFS...WEAKENS THE 900-700 MB WARM LAYER...EXPECT THAT THE COOLING MAY BE OVERDONE AS HAS BEEN THE CASE RECENTLY. WET-BULB ZERO HEIGHTS ALSO REMAIN MAINLY AOA 1K FT THROUGH MUCH OF TONIGHT. WITH SFC TEMPS ONLY EXPECTED TO REMAIN MAINLY IN THE MID 30S OR FALL ONLY TO 32F LATE...IF PCPN OCCURS ONLY RAIN IS EXPECTED.

FRI...QVECTOR DIV AND CAA WITH VEERING WINDS TO WRLY WILL TAKE OVER WITH DRY CONDITIONS EXPECTED. EVEN THOUGH LOWER CLOUDS MAY THIN OUT LATE IN THE DAY...HIGH CLOUDS AHEAD OF THE NEXT SHRTWV SHOULD MOVE IN.

FRI NIGHT INTO SAT...THE GFS HAS CONTINUED TREND TOWARD THE UKMET/CMC/ECMWF WITH THE SHRTWV AND STRONG BAND OF FGEN REMAINING MAINLY SOUTH AND EAST OF THE CWA. SO...POPS WERE TRIMMED WITH THE BEST CHANCE OVER THE SE CWA. ALTHOUGH THE SYNOPTIC FORCING AND DEEPER MOISTURE REMAINS FARTHER SE WITH NW FLOW AND 00Z GFS 850 MB TEMPS DROPPING INTO THE -8C TO -10C RANGE FRI NIGHT...SOME LIGHT LES MAY BE POSSIBLE INTO W UPR MI. THE GFS/ECMWF/CMC WERE IN DECENT AGREEMENT WITH ANOTHER STRONG 250-300 MB JET STREAK AND SHRTWV FROM THE PAC THROUGH SRN BC WILL MAKE ITS WAY THROUGH THE NRN PLAINS AND AFFECT THE UPR GREAT LAKES SUN. WAA HIGH CLOUDS MAY SPREAD THROUGH THE AREA SAT NIGHT BUT NO PCPN IS EXPECTED WITH VERY DRY AIR REMAINING BLO 700 MB. SINCE STRONGER QVECTOR CONV WITH THE MID LVL TROF REMAINS W AND N OF THE CWA...ONLY SLGT CHANCE POPS FOR LIGHT SNOW WERE INCLUDED UNTIL CAA STRONG CAA MOVES IN SUN NIGHT SUPPORTING LES.

&&

.MQT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...NONE. &&

$$

JLB


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION...UPDATED
NWS ALBUQUERQUE NM
AFDABQ 1108 AM MST THU JAN 4 2007

.UPDATE...DOWNSLOPING FLOW ALONG AND EAST OF THE SANGRES INHIBITED THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN OVERNIGHT TEMPERATURE INVERSION IN SOME LOCATIONS...AND ALREADY ERODED THE INVERSION IN SOME OTHERS. THUS...TEMPERATURES ROSE EARLY THIS MORNING AND WE UPDATED THE TEMPERATURE FORECAST. ALSO SPREAD BREEZY CONDITIONS TO MORE OF THE AREA ALONG AND JUST EAST OF THE CENTRAL MOUNTAIN CHAIN FOR THE REMAINDER OF TODAY. 44

&&

.DISCUSSION... 259 AM MST THU JAN 4 2007...09Z SFC ANALYSIS SHOWS A 1025MB HIGH PRES CENTER OVER NORTH CENTRAL NM WITH A LEE SFC TROUGH ACROSS EASTERN NM AND SE CO. CLEAR SKIES OVER NM WILL ALLOW PATCHY FOG FORMATION THRU MID MORNING IN SAME SPOTS AS LAST COUPLE OF DAYS. LATEST WATER VAPOR SAT IMAGERY SHOWS ONE UPPER WAVE OVER SOUTH TX MOVING EAST AND ANOTHER UPPER WAVE DIVING SE INTO THE PAC NW WITH ZONAL FLOW ALOFT IN BTWN. 400-200MB AIRCRAFT DATA SHOWS AN EXTENSIVE 150-170 KNOT JET EMBEDDED WITHIN THE BASE OF THE PAC NW UPPER WAVE.

00Z MODEL GUIDANCE INDICATES AFOREMENTIONED ZONAL FLOW WILL CONTINUE OVER NM ALLOWING HIGH CLOUDS TO STREAM ACROSS THE STATE TODAY. 18Z MREF AND 21Z SREF MEMBERS ARE IN GOOD AGREEMENT WITH PATTERN EVOLN THROUGH THE FORECAST PERIOD AND SIDED WITH 00Z GFS ON DETAILS. 150-170 KNOT JET WILL WEAKEN SLIGHTLY AS IT TRANSLATES SE INTO THE DESERT SOUTHWEST FRIDAY. JET AXIS REMAINS ZONAL THRU SAT WITH A POSITIVE TILT TO THE UPPER LEVEL WAVE SO NOT SEEING ANY MAJOR CUT OFF LOW DEVELOPING. MOISTURE WITHIN THE TROUGH WILL MOVE INTO NW CORNER OF THE STATE BY 12Z FRI AND SPREAD SE THROUGH THE CENTRAL MTNS AND VALLEYS THRU 00Z SAT. AS UPPER WAVE SLIDES EAST EXPECT A COLD FRONT TO SURGE SOUTHWARD THRU THE NE PLAINS. PRECIP CHANCES GREATEST ALONG THE EAST SLOPES OF THE NORTH AND CENTRAL MTNS 00Z SAT THRU 12Z SAT BEFORE SYSTEM QUICKLY EXITS TO THE SE. CONCERN THIS GO AROUND WILL BE MORE IN THE HIGHER ELEVATIONS IN THE NORTH AND CENTRAL PORTIONS OF THE STATE LATE THU INTO FRI WITH BLOWING SNOW AGAIN OVER THE FAR NE PLAINS LATE FRI INTO SAT. THIS WILL LIKELY BE A PROBLEM SINCE DIGGING OUT FROM THE LAST EVENT IS STILL ONGOING. CONTINUING TO GO BELOW GUIDANCE ON TEMPS AND WILL LIKELY NEED TO LOWER AGAIN IN AREAS THAT RECEIVE SNOWFALL LATE THU THRU SAT.

AFTER SYSTEM EXITS SE NM EARLY SAT NW FLOW BUILDS ACROSS THE STATE ALOFT. MREF MEMBERS IN GOOD AGREEMENT WITH THIS THRU THE EXTENDED AS A LARGE SCALE RIDGE BUILDS OFF THE COAST OF SOCA THRU WED. THE NEXT SYSTEM ON THE HORIZON LATE NEXT WEEK COULD BE A BIG ONE. GUYER

&&

.ABQ WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE.

&&

$$

44


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NWS ALBUQUERQUE NM
AFDABQ 259 AM MST THU JAN 4 2007

.DISCUSSION... 09Z SFC ANALYSIS SHOWS A 1025MB HIGH PRES CENTER OVER NORTH CENTRAL NM WITH A LEE SFC TROUGH ACROSS EASTERN NM AND SE CO. CLEAR SKIES OVER NM WILL ALLOW PATCHY FOG FORMATION THRU MID MORNING IN SAME SPOTS AS LAST COUPLE OF DAYS. LATEST WATER VAPOR SAT IMAGERY SHOWS ONE UPPER WAVE OVER SOUTH TX MOVING EAST AND ANOTHER UPPER WAVE DIVING SE INTO THE PAC NW WITH ZONAL FLOW ALOFT IN BTWN. 400-200MB AIRCRAFT DATA SHOWS AN EXTENSIVE 150-170 KNOT JET EMBEDDED WITHIN THE BASE OF THE PAC NW UPPER WAVE.

00Z MODEL GUIDANCE INDICATES AFOREMENTIONED ZONAL FLOW WILL CONTINUE OVER NM ALLOWING HIGH CLOUDS TO STREAM ACROSS THE STATE TODAY. 18Z MREF AND 21Z SREF MEMBERS ARE IN GOOD AGREEMENT WITH PATTERN EVOLN THROUGH THE FORECAST PERIOD AND SIDED WITH 00Z GFS ON DETAILS. 150-170 KNOT JET WILL WEAKEN SLIGHTLY AS IT TRANSLATES SE INTO THE DESERT SOUTHWEST FRIDAY. JET AXIS REMAINS ZONAL THRU SAT WITH A POSITIVE TILT TO THE UPPER LEVEL WAVE SO NOT SEEING ANY MAJOR CUT OFF LOW DEVELOPING. MOISTURE WITHIN THE TROUGH WILL MOVE INTO NW CORNER OF THE STATE BY 12Z FRI AND SPREAD SE THROUGH THE CENTRAL MTNS AND VALLEYS THRU 00Z SAT. AS UPPER WAVE SLIDES EAST EXPECT A COLD FRONT TO SURGE SOUTHWARD THRU THE NE PLAINS. PRECIP CHANCES GREATEST ALONG THE EAST SLOPES OF THE NORTH AND CENTRAL MTNS 00Z SAT THRU 12Z SAT BEFORE SYSTEM QUICKLY EXITS TO THE SE. CONCERN THIS GO AROUND WILL BE MORE IN THE HIGHER ELEVATIONS IN THE NORTH AND CENTRAL PORTIONS OF THE STATE LATE THU INTO FRI WITH BLOWING SNOW AGAIN OVER THE FAR NE PLAINS LATE FRI INTO SAT. THIS WILL LIKELY BE A PROBLEM SINCE DIGGING OUT FROM THE LAST EVENT IS STILL ONGOING. CONTINUING TO GO BELOW GUIDANCE ON TEMPS AND WILL LIKELY NEED TO LOWER AGAIN IN AREAS THAT RECEIVE SNOWFALL LATE THU THRU SAT.

AFTER SYSTEM EXITS SE NM EARLY SAT NW FLOW BUILDS ACROSS THE STATE ALOFT. MREF MEMBERS IN GOOD AGREEMENT WITH THIS THRU THE EXTENDED AS A LARGE SCALE RIDGE BUILDS OFF THE COAST OF SOCA THRU WED. THE NEXT SYSTEM ON THE HORIZON LATE NEXT WEEK COULD BE A BIG ONE.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... FARMINGTON...................... 40 26 36 14 / 0 20 40 30 GALLUP.......................... 49 23 38 8 / 0 5 40 30 GRANTS.......................... 35 9 36 10 / 0 5 40 40 GLENWOOD........................ 57 25 51 26 / 0 0 20 30 CHAMA........................... 39 13 27 -4 / 0 30 80 60 LOS ALAMOS...................... 38 17 32 10 / 0 5 40 50 RED RIVER....................... 40 13 28 -2 / 0 5 60 60 TAOS............................ 39 10 36 5 / 0 10 50 60 SANTA FE........................ 35 13 34 11 / 0 5 30 50 SANTA FE AIRPORT................ 36 14 35 12 / 0 5 20 50 ESPANOLA........................ 37 15 35 10 / 0 5 30 50 ALBUQUERQUE HEIGHTS............. 36 14 39 19 / 0 0 20 40 ALBUQUERQUE VALLEY.............. 39 9 39 16 / 0 0 20 40 ALBUQUERQUE FOOTHILLS........... 36 16 37 15 / 0 0 20 40 ALBUQUERQUE WEST MESA........... 39 15 38 18 / 0 0 20 40 SOCORRO......................... 46 21 43 25 / 0 0 5 50 SANDIA PARK/CEDAR CREST......... 36 18 36 15 / 0 0 30 50 MORIARTY/ESTANCIA............... 40 8 35 17 / 0 0 10 60 CARRIZOZO....................... 49 25 46 24 / 0 0 0 20 RUIDOSO......................... 46 23 45 18 / 0 0 0 40 RATON........................... 50 18 39 9 / 0 5 20 60 LAS VEGAS....................... 45 21 42 14 / 0 0 20 60 ROY............................. 50 29 40 15 / 0 0 10 40 CLAYTON......................... 44 27 38 16 / 0 0 10 50 SANTA ROSA...................... 46 25 45 21 / 0 0 10 40 TUCUMCARI....................... 44 28 42 20 / 0 0 5 40 FORT SUMNER..................... 50 24 53 24 / 0 0 5 40 CLOVIS.......................... 58 30 52 27 / 0 0 0 30 PORTALES........................ 59 29 54 25 / 0 0 0 30 ROSWELL......................... 59 33 55 31 / 0 0 0 30

&&

.ABQ WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE.

&&

$$

GUYER


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NWS SAN DIEGO CA
AFDSGX 330 AM PST SAT JAN 6 2007

.SYNOPSIS...OFFSHORE FLOW WILL CAUSE LOCAL STRONG GUSTY WINDS AT TIMES THROUGH EARLY NEXT WEEK...MAINLY THROUGH AND BELOW CANYONS AND PASSES. THE WINDS WILL PEAK THIS MORNING AND AGAIN MONDAY. WARMER DAYS THROUGH MONDAY. FAIR MID WEEK UNDER HIGH PRESSURE. LOW PRESSURE WILL BRING MORE CLOUDS...COOLING...GUSTY WINDS AND A CHANCE OF SHOWERS TOWARD THE END OF NEXT WEEK.

&&

.DISCUSSION...FOR EXTREME SOUTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA INCLUDING ORANGE... SAN DIEGO...WESTERN RIVERSIDE AND SOUTHWESTERN SAN BERNARDINO COUNTIES...

.SHORT TERM (TODAY-MONDAY)...SKIES WERE CLEAR EARLY THIS MORNING. ACARS SOUNDINGS SHOWED NE WINDS IN THE LOW LEVELS AND STRONG N WINDS ALOFT. OFFSHORE GRADIENTS WITH ABOUT -10 MB SAN-TPH AND THERE WERE LOCAL STRONG GUSTY WINDS.

THERE WILL BE STRONG UPPER SUPPORT AND MODERATE THERMAL AND GRADIENT SUPPORT FOR LOCAL GUSTY OFFSHORE WINDS TODAY. THE STRONGEST WINDS WILL SURFACE BELOW THE CAJON PASS AND IN THE SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS BUT THERE WILL ALSO BE STRONG WINDS THROUGH AND BELOW OTHER MOUNTAIN CANYONS AND PASSES. THE STRONGEST WINDS WILL GUST TO NEAR 70 MPH AND COULD CAUSE DAMAGE. THERE WILL ALSO BE AREAS OF REDUCED VISIBILITY IN BLOWING DUST AND SAND. THE SUPPORT FOR OFFSHORE WINDS WILL WEAKEN LATE TODAY. OFFSHORE GRADIENTS WILL BRIEFLY SUN MORNING AND AGAIN MON. THE CURRENT WINDS WARNINGS AND ADVISORIES LOOK OK...ALTHOUGH THEY PROBABLY CAN BE DOWNGRADED OR CANCELLED BEFORE 6 PM TONIGHT. LOCAL WIND ADVISORIES OR WARNING MAY BE NEEDED AGAIN SUN AND/OR MON. THE DRY OFFSHORE WINDS WILL MAINTAIN A HIGH FIRE WEATHER HAZARD AND A RED FLAG WARNING IS IN EFFECT. SKIES WILL BE CLEAR EXCEPT FOR A FEW HIGH CLOUDS AT TIMES. WARMER DAYS...ESPECIALLY W OF THE MOUNTAINS SUN AND MON. THE MOUNTAINS AND DESERTS WILL ALSO HAVE SIGNIFICANT WARNING DUE TO LESS COLD AIR ADVECTION AND HIGH PRESSURE ALOFT SUN AND MON. COLD AT NIGHT IN AREAS PROTECTED FROM THE WIND.

.LONG TERM (TUESDAY-FRIDAY)...FAIR BUT COOLER TUE AND MORE SO ON WED AND HEIGHTS DECREASE AND ONSHORE FLOW DEVELOPS. A COLD UPPER LOW WILL BRING MORE CLOUDS AND COOLING THU AND FRI WITH GUSTY WINDS AND A CHANCE OF SHOWERS. CURRENT TRENDS DIG THE LOW FARTHER E WITH LIMITED MOISTURE. HOWEVER...THE EXACT TRACK OF THIS LOW IS STILL UNCERTAIN.

&&

.AVIATION... OFFSHORE FLOW WILL CONTINUE THROUGH TODAY RESULTING IN SUNNY SKIES AND UNRESTRICTED VISIBILITIES...EXCEPT FOR LOCAL AREAS OF SMOKE AND HAZE FROM BLOWING DUST.

THE STRONG AND GUSTY NORTHEAST WINDS WILL CONTINUE THROUGH AND BELOW MOUNTAIN PASSES AND CANYONS THROUGH THIS MORNING...THEN WEAKEN AFTER 22Z THROUGH THE EVENING. THE STRONGEST WINDS WILL BE THROUGH AND BELOW THE SANTA ANA MOUNTAIN CANYONS...AND BELOW THE CAJON PASS THIS MORNING WHERE SIGNIFICANT TURBULENCE CAN BE EXPECTED. ALSO...STRONG WINDS ACROSS THE SAN BERNARDINO AND SAN GABRIEL MOUNTAIN RANGE WILL CONTINUE THE MOUNTAIN WAVE AND ROTOR ACTIVITY ALONG THE LEE SIDE OF THESE MOUNTAIN RANGES IN THE VICINITY OF KONT AND KSBD RESULTING IN STRONG UP AND DOWN DRAFTS AND CONSIDERABLE LOW LEVEL WIND SHEAR.

&&

.SGX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...

HIGH WIND WARNING UNTIL 6 PM SATURDAY FOR SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS...INLAND EMPIRE AND SANTA ANA MOUNTAINS. SEE LAXNPWSGX.

WIND ADVISORY UNTIL 6 PM SATURDAY FOR ORANGE COUNTY COASTAL AREAS...SAN DIEGO COUNTY VALLEYS...SAN DIEGO COUNTY MOUNTAINS AND RIVERSIDE COUNTY MOUNTAINS. SEE LAXNPWSGX.

RED FLAG WARNING FOR THE MOUNTAINS AND INLAND VALLEYS THROUGH MONDAY AFTERNOON. SEE LAXRFWSGX.

$$

PUBLIC...DVA AVIATION/MARINE...JAD


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NWS MARQUETTE MI
AFDMQT 356 PM EST SAT JAN 6 2007

.SYNOPSIS... 20Z WATER VAPOR LOOP AND RUC 500MB HEIGHT ANALYSIS SHOWED RIDGING NEAR THE WEST COAST...A DEEPENING TROUGH OVER THE NORTHERN ROCKIES INTO SOUTH CENTRAL CANADA...WEAK RIDGING AHEAD OF THE TROUGH IN WESTERN MINNESOTA AND TROUGHING MOVING OUT OF THE WESTERN GREAT LAKES. WITH UPPER MICHIGAN BETWEEN THE WEAK RIDGE AND TROUGH...SUBSIDENCE AND SURFACE HIGH PRESSURE RIDGING HAS BEEN MOVING INTO THE CWA. DESPITE THESE TWO FACTORS...LOW CLOUDS HAVE BEEN STUBBORN TO DISSIPATE. PART OF THE REASON IS THAT THE SUBSIDENCE IS TRAPPING LOW LEVEL MOISTURE...WHICH CAN BE SEEN NICELY ON AREA TAMDAR SOUNDINGS WITH SATURATED CONDITIONS AROUND 900MB. THESE CLOUDS HAVE ALSO HELD TEMPERATURES FROM RISING...THUS OUR HIGHEST TEMPERATURE AT THE OFFICE SO FAR FOR THE CALENDAR DAY STILL REMAINS AT THE RECORD VALUE OF 32. A CLEARING LINE IS APPROACHING FROM THE SOUTHWEST...STRETCHING FROM AITKIN TO MANITOWOC. TO THE WEST...MID AND HIGH CLOUDS ARE SPREADING EASTWARD ACROSS THE DAKOTAS AHEAD OF THE DEEPENING SHRTWV TROUGH. RADAR IMAGERY DOES SHOW SOME DECENT RETURNS ACROSS CENTRAL NORTH DAKOTA INTO WESTERN SOUTH DAKOTA...BUT OBSERVATIONS IN THIS AREA HAVE YET TO REPORT ANY PCPN. 12Z SOUNDINGS FROM BIS...UNR AND ABR ARE ALL QUITE DRY (E.G. BIS PRECIPITABLE WATER AT 0.14 INCHES)...WHICH IS PROBABLY WHY NO PCPN HAS BEEN REPORTED YET. ALTHOUGH PCPN IS LACKING...WINDS CONTINUE TO INCREASE ACROSS THE DAKOTAS DUE TO A 994 MB LOW OVER SE SASKATCHEWAN. EVEN FARTHER AHEAD OF THE LOW...850MB WINDS AT THE WOOD LAKE PROFILER HAVE INCREASED TO 25 KT.

&&

.SHORT TERM (TONIGHT AND SUNDAY)...

TONIGHT...AS THE SHRTWV TROUGH OVER THE NORTHERN ROCKIES CONTINUES TO DEEPEN AND DIG TOWARDS THE CENTRAL PLAINS...UPPER RIDGING OVER WESTERN MINNESOTA WILL BUILD OVER UPPER MICHIGAN. THIS INCREASING SUBSIDENCE FROM THE RIDGE...ALONG WITH THE WIND TURNING MORE SOUTHERLY...WILL HELP TO BRING THE CLEARING LINE ACROSS MOST...IF NOT ALL OF THE CWA BY MIDNIGHT. 18Z RUC 900MB RH HAD A GOOD HANDLE ON THIS...AND HAVE USED THE OUTPUT FOR THE SKY FORECAST. THIS CLEARING...ALONG WITH THE LOW PRECIPITABLE WATER MOVING IN FROM THE PLAINS AND LIGHT WINDS FROM THE SURFACE RIDGE AXIS MAY RESULT IN A DECENT PERIOD OF COOLING. HOWEVER...HOW MUCH COOLING WILL DEPEND ON EXACT TIMING OF THE LOW CLOUD DEPARTURE AND WHEN THE HIGH CLOUDS MOVE IN FROM THE DAKOTAS. FOR NOW...HAVE PLAYED LOWS MORE CONSERVATIVE WITH ONLY LOW 20S IN THE INTERIOR AS PER MAV GUIDANCE SINCE THE THOUGHT IS FOR ONLY A FEW HOURS OF CLEARING. HOWEVER...IF SKIES CAN CLEAR OUT FOR A LONGER PERIOD OF TIME...COOP GUIDANCE VALUES SUCH AS 10 ABOVE AT CHAMPION OF 10 ABOVE MAY BE REALIZED. GIVEN DRY AIR AROUND...MOST OF THE PRECIPITATION CHANCES WILL HOLD OFF UNTIL SUNDAY...THOUGH A LITTLE LIGHT SNOW IS NOT OUT OF THE QUESTION OVER WESTERN LAKE SUPERIOR LATE WHERE DECENT HEIGHT FALLS BEGIN TO OCCUR.

SUNDAY...DECENT HEIGHT FALLS ARE PROGGED TO OCCUR ACROSS ALL OF THE CWA AS THE UPPER LEVEL SHRTWV TROUGH MOVES IN. 850-500MB Q-VECTOR CONVERGENCE ASSOCIATED WITH THE TROUGH COMBINED WITH ISENTROPIC LIFT MAY BE ENOUGH TO SQUEEZE OUT SOME LIGHT SNOW...THOUGH A LOT OF THESE DYNAMICS ARE GOING TO GO TO MOISTENING THE AIRMASS. HAVE STILL MAINTAINED LIKELY POPS IN THE AFTERNOON OVER THE KEWEENAW INTO THE NORTHERN HALF OF LAKE SUPERIOR AS THIS IS WHERE THE BEST COMBINATION OF DYNAMICS...THERMODYNAMICS AND MOISTURE OCCUR. MAV GUIDANCE POPS ALSO REFLECT THE SAME. THE BIGGER CONCERN WITH THE SHRTWV TROUGH IS WINDS. INCREASING WINDS SEEN OVER THE PLAINS ARE EXPECTED TO MOVE OVER THE WESTERN GREAT LAKES DURING THE DAY. THE QUESTION WILL BE HOW STRONG THE SURFACE LOW IS WHEN IT REACHES THE PICKLE LAKE ONTARIO AREA AT 00Z MONDAY. RIGHT NOW THERE IS A 10MB DISAGREEMENT IN STRENGTH...RANGING FROM 1001MB BY THE GFS/NAM TO 992MB BY THE 13KM RUC. GIVEN THAT THE MAIN SHRTWV IN THE TROUGH IS EXPECTED TO DIVE INTO THE CENTRAL PLAINS TONIGHT...FIGURE THE LOW PROBABLY WILL NOT DEEPEN ANY MORE...SO TENDED TOWARDS THE SOMEWHAT WEAKER SOLUTIONS. NONETHELESS...THESE WEAKER MODELS STILL POINT AT MARGINAL SOUTHERLY GALE CONDITIONS OCCURRING OVER LAKE MICHIGAN AND EASTERN LAKE SUPERIOR. THEREFORE HAVE PUT A GALE WARNING ON EASTERN LAKE SUPERIOR. THESE SOUTHERLY WINDS WILL ALSO HELP IN KEEPING TEMPERATURES ABOVE NORMAL AND HAVE FOLLOWED CLOSE TO THE MAV GUIDANCE FOR HIGHS.

.LONG TERM (SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH NEXT SATURDAY)...

NAM SHOWS A 500 MB TROUGH AXIS PASSING ACROSS THE CWA SUN NIGHT WITH THE TROUGH AXIS PAST THE CWA BY 18Z MON WITH THE TROUGH DIGGING INTO THE ERN U.S. LAKE EFFECT SNOW WILL BE THE PROBLEM FOR THIS FORECAST.

GFS BUFKIT SOUNDINGS SHOWING INVERSION HEIGHTS RISING TO 4000-6000 FEET SUNDAY NIGHT AND MONDAY AND THIS REMAINS THROUGH MONDAY NIGHT AND TUESDAY. WITH WEST TO NORTHWEST WINDS...THESE AREAS WILL GET HIT WITH LAKE EFFECT SNOW AND BUMPED POPS UP TO LIKELY WITH 850 MB TEMPERATURES DROPPING BELOW -8C SUN NIGHT AND BELOW -10C ON MON. LAKE SUPERIOR TEMPERATURES ARE RUNNING AROUND 3C TO 4C...SO THIS SHOULD BE ENOUGH FOR LAKE EFFECT SNOW. FOR LATE SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY...THIS COULD END UP BEING A SIGNIFICANT LAKE EFFECT SNOW EVENT IN NORTHWEST AND WEST FAVORED AREAS AND THINK THERE COULD BE UP TO 9 INCHES OF SNOW IN A FEW PLACES LATE SUN NIGHT THROUGH TUE. THIS WILL ALL DEPEND ON WHERE THE BANDS SET UP AND HOW MANY BANDS THERE ARE. WILL MENTION THIS IN THE HWO FOR NOW. ONLY FLY IN THE OINTMENT IS THERE IS AN INVERTED-V LOOK TO THE GFS BUFKIT SOUNDINGS FOR MARQUETTE...NEWBERRY...HOUGHTON AND IRONWOOD AND THIS IS SHOWING SOME DRY AIR IN THE LOW LEVELS WHICH COULD BE A PROBLEM. THIS WOULD TEND TO CUT INTO THE SNOWFALL AMOUNTS AND WILL HAVE TO MONITOR THIS FOR LATER SHIFTS TO SEE IF THIS AFFECTS THE SNOWFALL. FOR THIS REASON...DID NOT GO TOO HIGH FOR SNOWFALL AMOUNTS RIGHT NOW WITH THIS SINCE THERE IS SOME UNCERTAINTY ABOUT HOW MUCH DRY AIR WILL BE AVAILABLE TO WORK WITH.

ENDED UP GOING CLOSE TO ADJMVR FOR TEMPERATURES WHICH SEEMED REASONABLE. OVERALL...DID NOT MAKE TOO MANY DRASTIC CHANGES TO THE GOING FORECAST.

IN THE EXTENDED...GFS...ECMWF AND CANADIAN ALL SHOW THE 500 MB PATTERN CONSISTS OF A 500 MB TROUGH ACROSS THE EASTERN U.S. AND PACIFIC NW WITH RIDGING ACROSS THE NORTHERN PLAINS 00Z WED. SHORTWAVE RIDGING AFFECTS THE CWA ON WED. TROUGHING THEN WORKS INTO THE AREA FOR THU AND FRI AND SAT. TEMPERATURES LOOK COLDER AND WENT WITH A COMBINATION OF ADJMXR...ADJENS AND ADJMEH FOR TEMPERATURES. TEMPERATURES WILL COOL DOWN TO NEAR NORMAL OR SLIGHTLY BELOW TOWARDS THE LATER END OF THE PERIOD. LOOKS UNSETTLED WITH SOME SYNOPTIC SNOW THROWN IN WITH SOME LAKE EFFECT SNOWS AND ONLY DRY PERIOD LOOKS TO BE WEDNESDAY WITH UPPER LEVEL RIDGING IN THE AREA THEN. OVERALL...DID NOT MAKE TOO MANY CHANGES TO THE GOING FORECAST.

&&

.MQT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... GALE WARNING EAST HALF LAKE SUPERIOR. &&

$$

AJ (SHORT TERM) MICHELS (LONG TERM)


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION...UPDATED...
NWS GRAND RAPIDS MI
AFDGRR 1202 PM EST SAT JAN 6 2007

.UPDATED... LITTLE QUESTION ABOUT IT...THE COLDER AIR HAS ARRIVED. NOW WE WILL BE ONLY 10 DEGREES ABOVE NORMAL INSTEAD OF +20 DEGREES AS WE WERE THE PAST FEW DAYS. HOWEVER... IT STILL IS NOT COLD ENOUGH TO GET SNOWFLAKES TO REACH THE GROUND SOUTH OF ROUTE 10 THIS AFTERNOON. CURRENT TAMDAR SOUNDINGS SHOW THE FREEZING LEVEL NEAR 2000 FT AGL. ANOTHER PROBLEM IS THE SURFACE DEW POINTS ARE ABOVE FREEZING. IF WE HAD PRECIPITATION OVER SOUTHWEST LOWER MICHIGAN THIS AFTERNOON... FOR THE MOST PART... IT WOULD BE SPRINKLES.

ALSO...THERE IS ANOTHER ISSUE FOR FORECASTING ANY SNOW THIS AFTERNOON. THAT WOULD BE...FOR IT TO SNOW OVER SOUTHWEST MICHIGAN... THE -12C ISOTHERM NEEDS TO BE SATURATED. THAT WOULD MEAN THERE WOULD HAVE TO BE NEAR SATURATION AT OR ABOVE 8000 FT THIS AFTERNOON. THAT IS SO... NOT GOING TO HAPPEN! THANKS TO ALL THAT STRONGLY SINKING AIR BEHIND THE SHORTWAVE THAT CAME THROUGH EARLIER AND THE WAVE PASSING SOUTH OF MICHIGAN THIS AFTERNOON THERE IS A CONSIDERABLE AMOUNT OF MID LEVEL SUBSIDENCE. THAT SHOWS UP ON THE WATER VAPOR LOOPS VERY NICELY. THE 300 MB FORECAST FOR THIS AFTERNOON SHOWS STRONG CONVERGENCE ALOFT OVER SOUTHERN LOWER MICHIGAN THIS AFTERNOON. THAT IDEA AGREES NICELY WITH WHAT THE WATER VAPOR LOOPS SUGGEST. THUS THE INVERSION HEIGHTS WILL CRASH TO 3000 FT OR SO BY 18Z OVER THE CWA. THAT IS NOT ALL THAT SUPPORTIVE FOR MUCH MORE THEN SHALLOW LOW CLOUDS.

BOTTOM LINE HERE IS I PULLED THE PRECIPITATION OUT OF THE AFTERNOON FORECAST. I DID LEAVE SPRINKLES IN FOR EARLY THIS AFTERNOON TO ALLOW WHAT WHAT REMAINED TO MOVE OUT.

.MARINE... LOOKING AT WEB CAMS WAVES IN THE NEAR SHORE IT SEEM WAVES ARE CLOSE TO 4 FEET FROM HOLLAND SOUTH. THE MODEL FORECAST SUPPORTS THAT SORT OF WAVE HEIGHT INTO MID AFTERNOON. HOWEVER WINDS DECREASE BY MID AFTERNOON THUS DECREASING THE WAVES HEIGHTS. I DID NOT ISSUE A SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY SINCE IT SEEMS MARGINAL. WE LIKELY WILL NEED SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY FOR SUNDAY AFTERNOON AS THE SECOND STRONGER PUSH OF COLD AIR MOVES IN.

&&

.GRR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...NONE

&&

$$

WDM